Thursday, September 3, 2020

INTRODUCTION Essays (2532 words) - Criminal Law,

Presentation As of late, in Canada, we have seen a continuous decrease in the crime-percentage. Be that as it may, each day on the radio and on TV, we see and know about another equipped theft, another rape, another medication bust, or another merciless homicide. This is startling in light of the fact that it influences every one of us. We are on the whole expected casualties; we are for the most part defenseless to these terrible violations. Considerably more terrifying is that increasingly more of these wrongdoings, the fierce ones, include youthful guilty parties. We are hearing increasingly more about youthful guilty parties, youth between the ages of twelve and eighteen, who are cutting individuals on school grounds, explicitly attacking others, and killing their companions. As of late, we heard the tale of a little youngster, just six years of age, who killed a kindred schoolmate in a Michigan grade school. A couple of years back, we knew about the two little fellows in England who killed a kid who was younger than three years. The managing of opiates on the school ground, be it basic or secondary school, is expanding. Step by step, it appears that individuals from each age bunch are turning out to be casualties, and individuals from each age bunch are turning out to be guilty parties. In light of room constraints, this paper will manage a couple of youthful guilty parties issues. Moreover, just a couple of parts of the Young Offenders Act will be managed. Enactment The Young Offenders Act is the government law for youngsters accused of wrongdoings. Preceding April 2, 1984, the Young Offenders Act didn't exist in Canada. Rather, the Juvenile Delinquents Act (which had been utilized since 1908) was utilized to manage youthful guilty parties. The fundamental way of thinking of this last Act was to manage the government assistance of the kid. In April 1984, the Young Offenders Act was instituted and one of the significant changes that occurred was in the way of thinking used to manage youthful wrongdoers. The Young Offenders Act perceives that in certain circumstances, a youthful guilty party might be regarded (by the preliminary appointed authority) to be past restoration, and a protracted time of detainment may result, instead of further endeavors to restore. Along these lines, the Young Offenders Act bargains with the government assistance of the kid, yet in addition, with the government assistance of society. Therefore, with the adjustment in approach, from the old enactment to the upgraded, it very well may be contended that it is presently simpler to detain a youthful guilty party, and for longer timeframes. The Crown Prosecutor should just persuade the preliminary adjudicator that it would be to the greatest advantage of society and that there is no other elective method of managing the youthful wrongdoer. Also, obviously, a youthful guilty party is dependent upon longer times of detainment whenever attempted in grown-up court, instead of being attempted in youth court. For youngsters who are younger than twelve years, an offense is managed under the areas kid government assistance laws. Under the previous Juvenile Delinquents Act, just kids under seven were viewed as too youthful to be in any way considered criminally liable for their activities. The Young Offenders Act doesn't have any significant bearing to offenses including commonplace resolutions, for example, driving without a permit, chasing unavailable, drinking alcohol while underage, and speeding. AN ALTERNATIVE TO COURT Not every single youthful wrongdoer who submit an offense end up in court. In the event that a youngster experiences at no other time been in difficulty with the law, an opportunity to take part in an Alternative Measures program might be thought of, as opposed to a charge being laid and the youthful guilty party managing it in court. The youngster must acknowledge obligation regarding the offense that has been submitted and be set up to compensate for the mischief caused. As one case of an Alternative Measures program, a youthful guilty party may be required to go to an instructive program to increase a superior comprehension of an inappropriate doing and how it has influenced others. In the other option, he/she may consent to perform network administration. Every now and again, as a feature of an Alternative Measures goals, a youthful guilty party will be requested to apologize to the person in question and potentially accomplish some work, for example, raking leaves or scooping da y off, the person in question. COURT DISPOSITIONS There are various condemning decisions open to youth court judges, following a blameworthy request by

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Singapore Facts, History, and Description

Singapore Facts, History, and Description A clamoring city-state in the core of Southeast Asia, Singapore is acclaimed for its blasting economy and its exacting system of peace. Long a significant port of approach the monsoonal Indian Ocean exchange circuit, today Singapore brags one the universes busiest ports, just as flourishing money and administrations segments. How did this little country become one of the universes wealthiest? What is most important to Singapore? Government As indicated by its constitution, the Republic of Singapore is a delegate majority rule government with a parliamentary framework. By and by, its legislative issues have been totally overwhelmed by a solitary gathering, the Peoples Action Party (PAP), since 1959. The Prime Minister is the pioneer of the larger part party in Parliament and furthermore heads the official part of government; the President assumes a generally stylized job as the head of state, in spite of the fact that the person can veto the arrangement of top-level appointed authorities. At present, the Prime Minister is Lee Hsien Loong, and the President is Tony Tan Keng Yam. The president serves a six-year term, while officials serve five-year terms. The unicameral parliament has 87 seats and has been ruled by PAP individuals for a considerable length of time. Strangely, there are additionally upwards of nine named individuals, who are the losing competitors from resistance groups who came nearest to winning their races. Singapore has a moderately basic legal framework, comprised of a High Court, a Court of Appeals, and a few kinds of Commercial Courts. The adjudicators are named by the President upon the counsel of the Prime Minister. Populace The city-province of Singapore brags a populace around 5,354,000, pressed in at a thickness of in excess of 7,000 individuals for every square kilometer (very nearly 19,000 for each square mile). Truth be told, it is the third-most thickly populated nation on the planet, following just the Chinese region of Macau and Monaco. Singapores populace is exceptionally various, and a significant number of its occupants are remote conceived. Only 63% of the populace are really residents of Singapore, while 37% are visitor laborers or lasting occupants. Ethnically, 74% of Singapores inhabitants are Chinese, 13.4% are Malay, 9.2% are Indian, and about 3% are of blended ethnicity or have a place with different gatherings. Enumeration figures are to some degree slanted on the grounds that as of not long ago the legislature just permitted occupants to choose a solitary race on their registration structures. Dialects Albeit English is the most ordinarily utilized language in Singapore, the country has four authority dialects: Chinese, Malay, English, and Tamil. The most widely recognized primary language is Chinese, with about half of the populace. Around 32% communicate in English as their first language, 12% Malay, and 3% Tamil. Clearly, composed language in Singapore is likewise perplexing, given the assortment of authentic dialects. Ordinarily utilized composing frameworks incorporate the Latin letter set, Chinese characters and the Tamil content, which is gotten from Indias Southern Brahmi framework. Religion in Singapore The biggest religion in Singapore is Buddhism, at about 43% of the populace. The larger part are Mahayana Buddhists, with establishes in China, however Theravada and Vajrayana Buddhism likewise have various followers. Practically 15% of Singaporeans are Muslim, 8.5% are Taoist, about 5% Catholic, and 4% Hindu. Other Christian sections all out practically 10%, while around 15% of Singapores individuals have no strict inclination. Geology Singapore is situated in Southeast Asia, off the southern tip of Malaysia, north of Indonesia. It is comprised of 63 separate islands, with an all out zone of 704 kilometers square (272 miles square). The biggest island is Pulau Ujong, usually called Singapore Island. Singapore is associated with the terrain by means of the Johor-Singapore Causeway and the Tuas Second Link. Its absolute bottom is ocean level, while the most noteworthy point is Bukit Timah at the grand height of 166 meters (545 feet). Atmosphere Singapores atmosphere is tropical, so temperatures don't fluctuate much consistently. Normal temperatures go between around 23 and 32Â °C (73 to 90Â °F). The climate is commonly hot and muggy. There are two monsoonal blustery seasons-June to September, and December to March. Be that as it may, in any event, during the between rainstorm months, it rains every now and again toward the evening. Economy Singapore is one of the best Asian tiger economies, with a for every capita GDP of $60,500 US, fifth on the planet. Its joblessness rate starting at 2011 was a lucky 2%, with 80% of laborers utilized in the administrations and 19.6% in industry. Singapore trades gadgets, broadcast communications gear, pharmaceuticals, synthetic compounds, and refined oil. It imports food and buyer goodsâ but has a considerable exchange overflow. History of Singapore People settled the islands that presently structure Singapore at any rate as ahead of schedule as the second century CE, yet little is thought about the early history of the territory. Claudius Ptolemaeus, a Greek cartographer, recognized an island in Singapores locationâ and noticed that it was a significant global exchanging port. Chinese sources note the presence of the fundamental island in the third centuryâ but give no subtleties. In 1320, the Mongol Empire sent emissaries to a spot called Long Ya Men, or Dragons Tooth Strait, accepted to be on Singapore Island. The Mongols were looking for elephants. After 10 years, the Chinese adventurer Wang Dayuan depicted a privateer fortification with blended Chinese and Malay populace called Dan Ma Xi, his rendering of the Malay name Tamasik (which means Sea Port). With respect to Singapore itself, its establishing legend expresses that in the thirteenth century, a sovereign of Srivijaya, called Sang Nila Utama or Sri Tri Buana, was wrecked on the island. He saw a lion there without precedent for his lifeâ and accepting this as a sign that he should found another city, which he named Lion City-Singapura. Except if the enormous feline was likewise wrecked there, it is improbable that the story is actually obvious, since the island was home to tigers yet not lions. For the following 300 years, Singapore changed hands between the Java-based Majapahit Empire and the Ayutthaya Kingdom in Siam (presently Thailand). In the sixteenth century, Singapore turned into a significant exchanging station for the Sultanate of Johor, in light of the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. In any case, in 1613 Portuguese privateers set the city ablaze, and Singapore disappeared from global notification for a long time. In 1819, Britains Stamford Raffles established the advanced city of Singapore as a British exchanging post Southeast Asia. It got known as the Straits Settlements in 1826â and at that point was guaranteed as an official Crown Colony of Britain in 1867. England held control of Singapore until 1942â when the Imperial Japanese Army propelled a bleeding attack of the island as a major aspect of its Southern Expansion drive in World War II. The Japanese Occupation went on until 1945. Following the Second World War, Singapore took a roaming course to freedom. The British accepted that the previous Crown Colony was too little to even consider functioning as an autonomous state. In any case, somewhere in the range of 1945 and 1962, Singapore got expanding proportions of self-sufficiency, coming full circle in self-government from 1955 to 1962. In 1962, after an open choice, Singapore joined the Malaysian Federation. Nonetheless, dangerous race riots broke out between ethnic Chinese and Malay residents of Singapore in 1964, and the island casted a ballot in 1965 to split away from the Federation of Malaysia again. In 1965, the Republic of Singapore turned into a completely self-administering, self-sufficient state. In spite of the fact that it has confronted troubles, incorporating more race revolts in 1969 and the East Asian money related emergency of 1997, it has demonstrated generally an entirely steady and prosperous little country.

Friday, August 21, 2020

!9th Century Europe and Rizal free essay sample

Rizal and The nineteenth Century Europe The nineteenth Century Europe offered ascend to various staggering improvements around the globe. It was at this period in history when patriotism developed to each mishandled heart particularly the Frenches which offered ascend to French upheaval. It was at this crossroads that Spain had political unsteadiness which cleared path to the opportunity of a portion of its states. The Enlightentment Period has genuinely edified the contemplations of individuals during the current century brought forth the new bearing of thought.Traditional mindset was supposed to be its first response, trailed by the headway of science. Another dynamite improvement in this period was the scattering of splendid considerations from compelling logicians which cleared a way for opportunity from conventionalism to various nations, for example, France and USA. Sufficiently genuine, this century is the era of transformation and the Enlightentment Period which served the foundation of considerations in the brain of our national saint, Rizal. We will compose a custom paper test on !ninth Century Europe and Rizal or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Rizal as a devoted resident who had incredible wants to pick up freedom to our nation watched Europe and its entire occasions including the insurgencies inside and outside the landmass and its progression. As a remarkable scholar, Rizal accepted the open door to learn and to comprehend the intrigues around him and his perceptions caused him to imagine the craving of the abused individuals which he related it to his distressed countrymen.He saw the brutalities in the nineteenth Century Europe and saw the hearts of the individuals ablaze. Through these, he esteemed opportunity of thought, correspondence of men, he acquired patriotism. This period truly made colossal impacts to Rizal and to his works, for example, his celebrated books and the Propaganda development which last mentioned allowed our country the opportunity and freedom after his demise. Really, nineteenth Century Europe taught his psyche a thing or two and he had the option to acquire the soul of this age.

Monday, June 8, 2020

Wireless communication Research Paper - 11000 Words

Performance analysis of diversity techniques in wireless communication (Research Paper Sample) Content: Performance analysis of diversity techniques in wireless communicationPrepared by:Students NamesTutors NameInstitution of LearningDate of Submission AbstractDiversity techniques refer to very powerful and effective methods utilized in the wireless links to provide an improvement to communications and actually improve their performance against the fading wireless communication channels. The decision on diversity techniques are done by the receiver and may not be known by the transmitter. Therefore, in this paper, the researchers are able to explore different diversity techniques because this assists in evaluating their performance based on their usage. In addition, the researchers describe and analyse various diversity techniques, such as, Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) and Equal Grain Combining (EGC), and how diversity systems are used for pre-detection combining. In the course of the study, the researchers will simulate all techniques in both Matlab and Lab-view. In addition, the study will derive information from previous statistics of carrier to noise and interference ratio. The assumption is that, Rayleigh fading model will have been examined and measured for diversity systems. The results will demonstrate how fading dynamic range will be reduced drastically when diversity systems are used. In overall, the researchers will conclude that Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) is a good example of diversity techniques that has achieved a good performance when compared to other techniques. Therefore, diversity techniques have proved to be very vital in improving the performance of the radio channels, in order to, transmit information very effectively and efficiently. However, the limitations considered in this study are not new, but have been organized and analysed appropriately. Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165590" Abstract  PAGEREF _Toc375165590 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165592" Introduction 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc3 75165593" Diversity 8 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165594" Project Objectives  PAGEREF _Toc375165594 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165595" Diversity Techniques  PAGEREF _Toc375165595 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165596" Frequency Diversity  PAGEREF _Toc375165596 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165597" Time Diversity  PAGEREF _Toc375165597 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165598" Space Diversity  PAGEREF _Toc375165598 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165599" Background  PAGEREF _Toc375165599 \h 18 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165600" Frequency non-selective fading versus frequency selective fading  PAGEREF _Toc375165600 \h 21 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165601" Fast fading versus slow fading  PAGEREF _Toc375165601 \h 21 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165602" Large scale versus small scale fading  PAGEREF _Toc375165602 \h 23 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165603" Ricean fading versus Rayleigh fading  PAGEREF _Toc375165603 \h 24 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165604" Motivat ion  PAGEREF _Toc375165604 \h 25 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165605" Co-Channel Interference  PAGEREF _Toc375165605 \h 30 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165606" Channel spreading  PAGEREF _Toc375165606 \h 32 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165607" Channel fading  PAGEREF _Toc375165607 \h 33 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165608" Organization of the study  PAGEREF _Toc375165608 \h 33 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165609" Past/Related Work  PAGEREF _Toc375165609 \h 34 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165610" SISO, SIMO, MISO, MIMO Terminology  PAGEREF _Toc375165610 \h 35 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165611" MIMO - SISO  PAGEREF _Toc375165611 \h 35 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165612" SISO - Single Input Single Output  PAGEREF _Toc375165612 \h 35 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165613" MIMO - SIMO  PAGEREF _Toc375165613 \h 35 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165614" SIMO - Single Input Multiple Output  PAGEREF _Toc375165614 \h 36 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165615" MIMO - MISO  PAGEREF _Toc375165615 \ h 37 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165616" MISO - Multiple Input Single Output  PAGEREF _Toc375165616 \h 37 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165617" MIMO  PAGEREF _Toc375165617 \h 37 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165618" MIMO - Multiple Input Multiple Output  PAGEREF _Toc375165618 \h 38 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165619" Project results and analysis  PAGEREF _Toc375165619 \h 38 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165622" Effective Eb/No with MRC  PAGEREF _Toc375165622 \h 41 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165623" Error rate with MRC  PAGEREF _Toc375165623 \h 42 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165628" Selection diversity  PAGEREF _Toc375165628 \h 43 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165629"  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165636" Outage probability as provided in selection diversity  PAGEREF _Toc375165636 \h 47 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165637" Computing bit error probability with selection diversity  PAGEREF _Toc375165637 \h 49 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165638" BER Simulation Model 50 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc 375165646" Effective Eb/N0 with EGC  PAGEREF _Toc375165646 \h 53 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165647" BER with EGC  PAGEREF _Toc375165647 \h 55 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165649" Diversity Combining Techniques  PAGEREF _Toc375165649 \h 56 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165650" Switched Combining  PAGEREF _Toc375165650 \h 58 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165651" Periodic Switching Method  PAGEREF _Toc375165651 \h 59 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165652" Phase Switching Method 60 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165653" BER for BPSK modulation with Selection diversity in Rayleigh channel  PAGEREF _Toc375165653 \h 61 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165654" Channel Model  PAGEREF _Toc375165654 \h 62 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165660" Computing the probability of error  PAGEREF _Toc375165660 \h 62 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165664" Total probability of bit error  PAGEREF _Toc375165664 \h 63  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165665" The simulation model  PAGEREF _Toc375165665 \h 64 HYPERLINK \ l "_Toc375165672" Bit Error Rate for BPSK in Rayleigh channel  PAGEREF _Toc375165672 \h 65 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165673" System Model  PAGEREF _Toc375165673 \h 66 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165674" Bit Error Rate  PAGEREF _Toc375165674 \h 67 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165675" Probability density function of   PAGEREF _Toc375165675 \h 68 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165683" Conclusions 70 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc375165684" References  PAGEREF _Toc375165684 \h 72List of figuresFig 1...............................................................................................................................................14Fig 2...............................................................................................................................................16Fig 3...............................................................................................................................................17Fig 4............................................ ...................................................................................................19Fig 5...............................................................................................................................................22Fig 6...............................................................................................................................................25Fig 7...............................................................................................................................................27Fig 8...............................................................................................................................................30Fig 9...............................................................................................................................................31Fig 10............................................................................................................................................ .35Fig 11.............................................................................................................................................36Fig 12.............................................................................................................................................37Fig 13.............................................................................................................................................38Fig 14.............................................................................................................................................39Fig 15.............................................................................................................................................40Fig 16.............................................................................................................................................41Fig 17.............................................................................................. ...............................................43Fig 18.............................................................................................................................................44Fig 19.............................................................................................................................................46Fig 20............................................................................................................................................46Fig 21.............................................................................................................................................47Fig 22.............................................

Sunday, May 17, 2020

A World Without Love Is A Deadly Place - 1629 Words

â€Å"A world without love is a deadly place† serves as a warning to the doomed society of the World State in this new world (Fisher 1). In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, â€Å"pain, suffering, and unhappiness are virtually unknown because basic needs are provided for all, and soma tablets are readily available should anyone feel anxious or sad† (Morgan, Shanahan, Welsh 130). The civilization is equipped with a drug called soma. Soma is used to destroy any feeling of sadness or negative feelings; it is part of the society’s method to pursue happiness. The pursuit of happiness is brought to a degree of such extremity that the citizens are â€Å"conceived in test tubes and socialized for specific societal roles† that they are genetically engineered to enjoy (Morgan, Shanahan, Welsh 130). Not only are the citizens programmed to be content with their roles in the society, but their minds are formed by sleep training to believe that their only purposes in life are sexual pleasure and enjoying activities. The government raises them to have sexual interactions with whoever they want, whenever they want. A portion of their sleep training is â€Å"every one belongs to every one† (Huxley 205). The citizens do not experience the pleasure of love, nor do they experience friendship or family. After all, â€Å"without committed partners there is no pain associated with relationship breakup; but neither is there committed love. Without family ties there are no burdens of care but no joy of giving† (Morgan,Show MoreRelatedThe Nature Of Love As Described By Helen Fischer1255 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The evolution of love is ever changing. Its biochemical foundations and its vital importance to human society are informing and transforming the way we understand ourselves†. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

When Things Fall Apart By Janice Mirikitani - 987 Words

I do not trust people who don t love themselves and yet tell me, I love you. There is an African saying which is: Be careful when a naked person offers you a shirt. This is a quote by Mayra Angelou that it clearly explains that, having kindness for yourself is the most important thing for people. Having kindness for yourself it’s the first step that everyone should take. â€Å"Suicide Note† by Janice Mirikitani talks about a girl who committed suicide just because she didn’t have kindness for herself. I choose to compare the reading by Mirikitani with chapter number five â€Å"It’s Never Too Late† of the book â€Å"When Things Fall Apart† by Pema Chodron because this chapter talks about how people should start having kindness for themselves. This is a part of the book that Asian-American girl who committed suicide, which Mirikitani talks should have read it before taking the decision to end her life. â€Å"Suicide Note† by Janice Mirikitani talks about an Asian-American college student who committed suicide. This is her suicide note, that contains an apology to her parents for not being a perfect student with a four-point grade average. She also apologizes to her parents for disappointing them, even though she has worked very hard. But this wasn t the only reason why she committed suicide. She goes on by apologizing to her parents for not being the son they always wanted it: â€Å"If only I were a son, shoulders broad as the sunset threading through pine, I would see the light in my

Business Information Systems Zodiac of Cycle Part Manufacturer

Question: Discuss about the Business Information Systems Zodiac Cycle Part Manufacturer. Answer: Introduction Business Information systems can be referred to the systems which are used by the businesses to improve their systems and the processes. These systems are also used to enhance the value of the business and help it to acquire, manufacture and deliver the goods and services in a better way. These systems help the organisation to take valuable decisions in the global fast changing world. There are numerous components like people, hardwares and softwares which works together in order to complete functions like planning, organising, controlling and for making decisions. The main purpose of this report is to discuss about the future IT needs of the company and how the company can meet the challenge of providing satisfaction to the stakeholders. Being hired as an IT consultant at Zodiac Cycle Part manufacturer, the decisions have to be made and consulted with the directors regarding Cloud computing option for small to medium enterprises. Importance of Information systems in todays business and trends of business environment which requires information systems In the present business environment, the information systems play an indispensible role. Information systems processes all the data and information of the business and manage the workflow of the company in an efficient way. It helps in minimising the errors and maximising the efficiency of work which helps company in fulfilling the goals and objectives of the company. It is important because it brings operational excellence and helps business in designing the offerings as per the customers. The present complex business environment needs information systems so that the stakeholders can be managed efficiently and more satisfaction can be gained (Nowduri, 2011). It has become a part of day to day operations of the business. The businesses invest in the information systems so that the tasks and targets can be completed properly. For e.g. the banks introduced ATMs so that their tasks can become easier and faster and they can serve their customers even better than before. It brings competitive advantage and improves the decision making of the company (Lipaj Davidavi?ien?, 2013). Business environment is changing constantly and its trends require business information systems for managing the current complex environment of business. There are trends in business environment which needs information systems. A new trend in business environment which is related to business environment includes cloud infrastructure, data collection automation, big data or Internet of Things. Cloud infrastructure is the model which is offered as a service to the companies and allows them to manage complex and large scale operations. The companies have to make payment for availing these services. Data collection automation is the latest trend where the information is collected online. This data will be used by the companies to identify the opportunities in the emerging markets and to meet competition (Bourheois, 2014). Internet of things can be understood as the interconnection between different computing devices which are used to manage data. Big data are the large sets of data which are used to analyse the data, trends or other patterns so that the future decisions can be taken. These latest trends help business to have a complete view of the data and information related to business (Shaughnessy, 2011). Management challenges in building, operating and maintaining information systems in Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Implementing information systems in the business is not easy. It needs lot of funds and also efforts especially when the organisation is smalls scale and does not have much expertise to implement Business information systems properly. Information systems are now a very important part for most of the businesses whether large or small scale as it provides many benefits but the management of the businesses in Small and medium sized organisations face challenges in building, operating and maintaining them (Zafar, et. al., 2015). The reasons behind this are many. The small and medium sized organisations lacks in expertise and talent which knows about the information systems and their operations. They lack in financial support and also in experience. The employees in small sale businesses move to the larger organisations when they find better opportunities. It becomes tough for the small sized enterprises to retain them as they cannot higher high salaries and better opportunities than larg e sized organisations (Singh, 2012). The employees of the small scale organisation also face a challenge when they need to adopt the changes in the systems. They face a challenge when they need to pay higher amounts for getting these services (Harding, 2013). Even if the services are bought, they face challenge in maintaining them as it requires good infrastructure. So, it is very difficult for the small and medium sized organisations to build up and maintain the information systems for better business and performance (Nowduri Al-Dossary, 2012). Cloud computing and types of cloud computing which can be used by ZCM Cloud services are the services delivered on demand over internet. The companies which use computer resources buy these services of networks rather than building its infrastructure in-house. These systems are used as per the requirement of the client for generating new applications, storing data or for managing data online. These services helps in cutting own the costs of the companies and hence, increases the profitability of the companies (Kumar Goudar, 2012). The services can be used individually or with the combination of in-house services. As per Candrlic (2013), there are three types of cloud computing which can be used by Zodiac Cycle Part Manufacturer are: IaaS PaaS SaaS The basic cloud service which provides the computer resources over the internet and it is suited for the companies who need cloud services for temporary projects or for experimenting. The customers pay for these services on the basis of their usage. It eliminates the expenses of the companies which are to be paid on setting hardwares and softwares (Juinor, 2016). This form of cloud service provides applications to the businesses on internet and the provider manages the hardwares and softwares on its own. This form of cloud services provide applications and are also called web based softwares which secures and the data of the companies and increases their performance (Juinor, 2016). My suggestion as an IT consultant would be that the organisations should consider their budgets and goals and then should choose from the available cloud computing services. The company should keep in mind that they should buy what is needed and should not pay for everything. Recommendations to implement successful cloud computing for SMEs Cloud computing has seen a considerable growth in recent years and the reasons for its adoption are that it is improves the overall performance of the organisation. But implementing cloud computing for SMEs is not an easy task. There are lot of challenges which hamper the implementation of the same. Huge investment is needed for adopting cloud and managing it. It is recommended that the small and medium sized enterprises should analyse their needs before purchasing the cloud services. The needs should be analysed to know what the actual need of the company is. The companies then need to identify the cloud providers in the market and the type of services they require (Posey, 2013). The business should make a plan so that it can manage the complex situations and the cloud services can be purchased as per the requirements. The companies should pay as per their usage and should notice whether their performance and efficiency has increased after the implementation of cloud computing systems or not. Cloud computing is adopted and implemented worldwide by many businesses. These businesses have identifies their requirements and gave a new direction to their business. For e.g. Companies like MediaMath have moved to cloud. Media math is a digital media buying platform which develops tools for the managers of marketing. It requires huge data every day and it creates complexity. To handle this complexity, the company turned to the cloud services to gain deeper insights and to bring innovation in its services. It has allowed the company to perform better than before. Another example can be taken of Etsy, which is an ecommerce site which offers home made products. The comp any migrated to cloud to bring cost efficiency. The company has taken help from BIG Data to analyse data and take decisions in future. Conclusion It can be concluded that Cloud computing has become an important part of the businesses irrespective of their size and transactions. The companies are using cloud because it simplifies the processes and bring cost efficiency. Proper planning should be done before implementation the cloud services to identify its usage to the company. It is also seen that the small and medium sized enterprises are facing challenges in implementing cloud as they lack in experience, taken and funds to implement it successfully. It is concluded that ZCM should plan first and then buy the services. They should pay as per their usage which would control their cost and will maintain an overall efficiency of the business. References Allouche, G 2013, 7 Well-Known Companies Who Have Moved to the Cloud, Smart Data Collective. Bourheois, D T 2014, Information Systems for Business and Beyond, The Saylor Academy. Candrlic, G 2013, Cloud Computing Types of Cloud, GlobalDots. Harding, C 2013, Cloud computing for small businesses: it's time to follow the herd, The guardian. Juinor, R M 2016, Cloud computing News, IBM. Kumar, S Goudar, R H 2012, Cloud Computing Research Issues, Challenges, Architecture, Platforms and Applications: A Survey, International Journal of Future Computer and Communication, Vol. 1, No. 4. Lipaj, D Davidavi?ien?, V 2013, Influence of Information Systems on business performance, ScienceFuture of Lithuania/MokslasLietuvos Ateitis, 5.1 (2013): 38-45. Nowduri, S Al-Dossary, S 2012, Management Information Systems and Its Support to Sustainable Small and Medium Enterprises, International Journal of Business and Management; Vol. 7, No. 19. Nowduri, S 2011, Management information systems and business decision making: review, analysis, and recommendations, Journal of Management and Marketing Research. Posey, B 2013, To cloud or not to cloud: What's your cloud migration strategy?, Search Cloud Computing. Shaughnessy, H 2011, The 10 Most Important Trends in Business, Forbes. Singh, N P, Molokov, D, Lechshak, S Kuspanov, A 2012, Information systems in small and medium enterprises in Republic of Kazakhstan, African Journal of Business Management Vol.6 (23), pp. 7042-7052. Zafar, A, Almaleh, A I, Alshahri, S, Alqahtani, S S Alqahtani, N D 2015, Role of Information Systems in KSA Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 5